Hi,
How early
in the morning may I put on tefillin?
Tefillin
should not be worn before misheyakir, when there is sufficient
light to recognize a casual acquaintance from several feet away. Some attribute
this to the biblical promise, "The nations of the world will see that the
Name of G-d is upon you" which the sages associate with tefillin, so that
our tefillin must be visible. Additionally, there is concern lest one fall
asleep, which would be disrespectful to the tefillin. Some calculats misheyakir
as one hour before sunrise.
One whose
work requires him to start davening before misheyakir, and who is in a
position in which sleep is unlikely, may don tefillin without a berachah as
early as necessary. After misheyakir he should touch the tefillin and
recite the berachah.
One who
will need to complete his entire davening before misheyakir should don
tefillin without a berachah, and find a later time to don tefillin with a
berachah, repeating shma, even late in the day. Where that is impossible,
significant authorities permit reciting a berachah even before misheyakir.
(Berachos
9b and Rabbeinu Yonah ibid; Menachos 36a; Tur/Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 30;
Mishneh Berurah 30:11, 13, 14; Biur Halachah 30:keivan, Aruch haShulchan
Orach Chaim 30:3-6; Igrot Moshe Orach Chaim 1:10, 4:6; Teshuvos v'Hanhagos
1:49; Rivivos Ephraim 4:12)
Have a great day,
Mordechai
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